DB2 ⭐ Featured
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Q: What is encoding scheme?

Answer:
Encoding defines character representation. EBCDIC for mainframe. ASCII for open systems. Unicode for international. CCSID specifies exact encoding. Mixed encoding needs careful handling. TRANSLATE for conversion.
encoding ccsid character
COBOL ⭐ Featured
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Q: How to handle EBCDIC/ASCII conversion?

Answer:
COBOL on mainframe uses EBCDIC natively. For ASCII conversion: use INSPECT CONVERTING, or file translation (JCL), or LE functions. NATIONAL-OF and DISPLAY-OF for Unicode. Different collating sequences affect SORT and comparisons.
ebcdic ascii conversion
COBOL ⭐ Featured
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Q: Explain SYMBOLIC CHARACTERS

Answer:
SPECIAL-NAMES. SYMBOLIC CHARACTERS NULL-CHAR IS 1. Assigns name to ordinal position in collating sequence. Position 1 is X'00' in EBCDIC. Use: MOVE NULL-CHAR TO field. Define non-printable characters readably.
symbolic characters special
COBOL
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Q: What is COLLATING SEQUENCE?

Answer:
PROGRAM COLLATING SEQUENCE IS sequence-name. Affects comparisons and SORT order. Define custom alphabet in SPECIAL-NAMES. Standard is NATIVE (EBCDIC). ASCII for ASCII order. STANDARD-1 for ASCII collating.
collating sequence sort